RESUMO
Introducción La infección por SARS-CoV-2 durante la gestación y su repercusión en el recién nacido eran, en los primeros meses de la pandemia, desconocidas. Recientes estudios han aportado información sobre la afectación clínica en el recién nacido y su evolución. En este trabajo se muestra cómo varía la inmunidad pasiva en el recién nacido con relación al momento de infección SARS-CoV-2 materno. Población y método Estudio observacional, prospectivo y longitudinal en un hospital de tercer nivel. Se recogieron datos epidemiológicos y clínicos de las madres y sus recién nacidos desde mayo del 2020 hasta junio del 2021. Resultados Se ha incluido a un total de 109 madres y 109 neonatos. El 28,4% de las infecciones maternas fueron en el primer trimestre, el 24,8% en el segundo y el 58,8% en el tercero. El 56% de las infecciones maternas fueron sintomáticas, solo una gestante con infección respiratoria grave ingresó en Cuidados Intensivos. La edad gestacional media de los recién nacidos fue de 39 semanas, con un peso medio de 3.232g y un perímetro craneal de 35cm. Ocho recién nacidos hijos de madre con SARS-CoV-2 requirieron ingreso en la UCI neonatal: 2 por ictericia, 2 por distrés respiratorio, uno por prematuridad moderada y 3 por otras causas no relacionadas con infección atribuible a SARS-CoV-2. Los anticuerpos tipo IgG fueron positivas en el 56,9% de los recién nacidos. De las madres infectadas durante el primer trimestre, las IgG fueron positivas en el 32,2% de los recién nacidos, en el segundo trimestre resultaron positivos el 81,5% y en el tercero, el 58,8%. Ningún neonato presentó IgM positivas. Conclusiones La infección por SARS-CoV-2 durante la gestación proporciona anticuerpos IgG a la mitad de los recién nacidos. La presencia de anticuerpos en el recién nacido es más probable cuando la infección se ha producido en el segundo trimestre de gestación (AU)
Introduction SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and its impact on the newborn were, in the first months of the pandemic, unknown. Recent studies have provided information on the clinical involvement in the newborn and its evolution. This work shows how passive immunity varies in the newborn in relation to the moment of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Population and method Observational, prospective and longitudinal study in a third level hospital. Epidemiological and clinical data from mothers and their newborns were collected from May 2020 to June 2021. Results A total of 109 mothers and 109 neonates have been included. 28.4% of maternal infections were in the first trimester, 24.8% during the second and 58.8% in the third. 56% of maternal infections were symptomatic and only one pregnant woman with severe respiratory infection was admitted to intensive care. The mean gestational age of the newborns was 39 weeks, with a mean weight of 3232g and a head circumference of 35cm. Eight newborns born from mothers with SARS-CoV-2 required admission to the neonatal ICU: 2 due to jaundice, 2 due to respiratory distress, 1 due to moderate prematurity, and 3 due to other causes unrelated to infection attributable to SARS-CoV-2. IgG-type antibodies were positive in 56.9% of newborns. Of the mothers infected during the 1st trimester, IgG were positive in 32.2% of the newborns, in the second trimester 81.5% were positive and in the third 58.8%. No neonate had positive IgM. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy provides IgG antibodies to half of newborns. The presence of antibodies in the newborn is more likely when the infection has occurred in the second trimester of pregnancy (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/transmissão , Imunidade Materno-Adquirida , Troca Materno-Fetal , Imunoglobulinas/imunologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos LongitudinaisRESUMO
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and its impact on the newborn were, in the first months of the pandemic, unknown. Recent studies have provided information on the clinical involvement in the newborn and its evolution.This work shows how passive immunity varies in the newborn in relation to the moment of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Population and method: Observational, prospective and longitudinal study in a third level hospital. Epidemiological and clinical data from mothers and their newborns were collected from May 2020 to June 2021. Results: A total of 109 mothers and 109 neonates have been included. 28.4% of maternal infections were in the first trimester, 24.8% during the second and 58.8% in the third. 56% of maternal infections were symptomatic and only one pregnant woman with severe respiratory infection was admitted to intensive care. The mean gestational age of the newborns was 39 weeks, with a mean weight of 3232 g and a head circumference of 35 cm. Eight newborns born from mothers with SARS-CoV-2 required admission to the neonatal ICU: 2 due to jaundice, 2 due to respiratory distress, 1 due to moderate prematurity, and 3 due to other causes unrelated to infection attributable to SARS-CoV-2. IgG-type antibodies were positive in 56.9% of newborns. Of the mothers infected during the 1 st trimester, IgG were positive in 32.2% of the newborns, in the second trimester 81.5% were positive and in the third 58.8%. No neonate had positive IgM. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy provides IgG antibodies to half of newborns. The presence of antibodies in the newborn is more likely when the infection has occurred in the second trimester of pregnancy.
RESUMO
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